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Muhammad Biography
Muhammad, established the religion of Islam and the Muslim community. Muslims believe him to have been God's (Allah) last and final prophet of Islam, to whom the Qur'an was revealed. According to traditional Muslim biographers, Muhammad was born c. 570 in Mecca and died June 8, 632 in Medina, both in the Hejaz region of present day Saudi Arabia. The name Muhammad etymologically means "the praised one" in Arabic, being a passive participle from the root ḥmd حمد "to praise". Within Islam, Muhammad is known as "The Prophet" and "The Messenger". The Qur'an (33:40) also refers to him as the "Seal of the Prophets" (Arabic: ḫatamu-n-nabiyyīn). In verse 61:6 he is referred to as Ahmad, which in Arabic means 'more praiseworthy'. Born to `Abdu'llah ibn `Abdu'l-Muttalib, the man who later came to be called Muhammad was said to have initially been a merchant, and had often retreated to a cave to a mountain outside Mecca called Hira, for contemplation. Muslims believe that in the year 610, when Muhammad was about forty, he was first visited here by the Angel Gabriel who commanded him to recite verses sent by God. These verses were later collected as part of the Qur'an (which was revealed to him over a period of about twenty-three years until his death). He expanded his mission as a prophet, publicly preaching strict monotheism and warning of a Day of Judgment when all humans shall be held responsible for their deeds. He did not completely reject Judaism and Christianity, two other monotheistic faiths known to the Arabs, but said that he had been sent by God in order to complete and perfect those teachings. Many in Mecca resented his preaching and persecuted him and his followers. Eventually, in 622, he was forced to move out of Mecca in a journey known to Muslims as the Hijra (the Migration). He settled in the area of Yathrib (now known as Medina) with his followers, where he was the leader of the first avowedly Muslim community. The Meccans started attacking Medina to destroy the Islamic state. Even though the attacking armies were several times stronger in numbers and in weaponry, Muslims defeated these invaders every time they attacked. Muslims finally attacked Mecca under the leadership of Muhammad after eight years of Hijra and took control of the city. The Muslims subsequently removed all idols from the Kaaba. Most of the townspeople accepted Islam. Deputations began to come in from other Arabian tribes. The conditions for their adherence were: the acceptance of Islam, the destruction of idols, and the payment of the 'zakat' (tax) for the support of the poor community. In March 632, Muhammad led the pilgrimage, the Hajj. On returning to Medina he fell ill and died after a few days, on June 8. Under Muhammad's immediate successors, the Islamic empire expanded into Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, North Africa, and Iberia. Later conquests, commercial contact between Muslims and non-Muslims, and missionary activity spread Islam over much of the Eastern Hemisphere, including China and Southeast Asia. |
Muhammad Famous QuoteVerily, a man teaching his child manners is better than giving one bushel of grain in alms.More famous quotes by Muhammad Muhammad NewsJavno.hr Q: Why was the Washington sniper John Allen Muhammad executed so quickly, when ... Atlanta Journal Constitution A: The Christian Science Monitor reported that Muhammad's 68 months between sentencing and execution was about half the typical d... MiamiHerald.com Editorial: Cracking down on free speech in name of religion Scripps News The move seems to have its roots in the backlash four years ago against a Danish newspaper that printed cartoons of the prophet Muhammad. ... AP Exclusive: Muslim... New York Times (blog) New Play About Muhammad Ali New York Times (blog) ... the mccarter Theater Center is announcing a world premiere production of a play about another sports legend, Muhammad Ali, starring Ben Vereen and Evan ... McCarter Theater Pr... guardian.co.uk DC-area sniper John Allen Muhammad is executed Los Angeles Times Muhammad, who along with a teenage accomplice terrorized the Washington area in 2002 with a shooting rampage that took 10 lives, dies of lethal injection in ... Muhammad e... Muhsin Muhammad: Muhsin Muhammad killing Panthers? Rotoworld.com Beat writer Darin Gantt believes Muhsin Muhammad's 14-year run as a productive receiver is "over." "The Muhsin Muhammad Is Back Tour lasted one week," said ... Los Angeles Times Is this Muhammad's last season with Panthers? Gaston Gazette Just roll until the wheels falls off,'? Muhammad said. ?I think that's what I'm going to do.? That said, Muhammad's brilliant 14-year NFL career ? which ... Fearless Predic... MiamiHerald.com Md. attorney plans book on executed DC sniper The Associated Press BALTIMORE ? A Baltimore attorney who became a confidant of executed DC sniper mastermind John Allen Muhammad is writing a book about him. ... An unlikely bond: one a la... HIPHOPPRENEUR CEDRIC MUHAMMAD TEAMS WITH 11 YEAR VETERAN SITE ALLHIPHOP.COM ... Hip Hop Press (press release) New York, NY - Today marked the launch of a new weekly blog series on allhiphop.com by Hip-hoppreneur, Cedric Muhammad. The industry change... Bloomfield Man Pleads Not Guilty To Conspiracy Charges In Howard Stabbing Hartford Courant Hakim "Keem" Muhammad's case was continued to Dec. 11, when his lawyer, Gerald Klein, will argue in favor of reducing his $450000 bail. ... and more » Business Intelligence Middle East (press release) Saudi cenbank says abandoning dollar a "non-starter" Reuters ... currencies is one option on the table although there is no perfect solution, Saudi Arabia's top monetary official, Muhammad al-Jasser, ... | |||||
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